I published my first Docker image for building and experimenting with ModPagespeed. It provides an environment for building the latest stable version v1.14.36.1 for Apache, with some patches applied (including the fix that prevents ModPagespeed from deleting width and height attributes of inlined image elements). The image is based on Ubuntu 12.04.5 and uses GCC 4.8.4 (the same version that the latest stable release was built with).

The image comes with the patched ModPagespeed already built. The modules are found at out/Release/libmod_pagespeed.so and out/Release/libmod_pagespeed_ap24.so. You can modify the source code, build it with ./build.sh and run tests with ./run_tests.sh.